Month: January 2018

The post-partum diseases are Uterine prolapse, Vaginal prolapse, Acute septic metritis (puerperal metritis), Mastitis and Retained placenta.
Etiology of diseases, clinical signs and treatment of diseases are described.
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There are need of meterial required in per-rectal examination, procedure and precautions to be taken in it, pregnancy diagnosis in bovine, normal birth in cow, care of post-partum dam and care of new born.
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Hormones takes part during pregnancy are progesterone, estrogen, gonadotropic or luteotropic hormones and placental hormones.
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Female reproductive system consists of Pair of ovaries, Duct system, pair of oviducts / Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, vagina, vestibular glands, clitoris, labia majora and minora. Hymen may be present at the junction of outer and inner vagina. Usually disintegrates as the animal cycles but may be removed surgically if needed.
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Female show NORMAL HEAT symptoms but not conceived in more than 2 to 3 service.
Cows that are cycling normally, with no clinical abnormalities, which have failed to conceive after at least two successive inseminations are known as repeat breeders.
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